Bologna has ended the system of examining students through regular tests to see how they have absorbed knowledge. Lecturers now take on the role of guides, to evaluate students’ learning processes, not simply to grade their results, but also to help them to fulfil their objectives through continuous monitoring of their work.
In addition, the new system will focus more on testing the skills (in the sense of “a demonstrated ability to do something”) obtained by students in each subject.
This will mean that, although there may be final exams, these will not be the only methods of evaluation. Greater emphasis will be placed on those procedures designed to help monitor the student’s learning throughout his or her time at university:
- Objective tests (true/false, multiple choice, matched pairs, etc.).
- Short answer tests.
- Long answer tests, development of themes.
- Oral tests (individual and group tests, presentation of issues or projects, etc.).
- Essays and projects.
- Reports/overviews of practical experience.
- Tests involving real or simulated tasks.
- Self-evaluation systems (oral, written, individual or group).
- Scales of attitudes.
- Observation techniques.
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